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Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak dan Hibah Terhadap Realisasi Belanja Negara Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the effect of tax revenue, Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP), and grants on the realization of state expenditure in Indonesia during the period 2005-2025, both partially and simultaneously, in the short run and the long run. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary time series data obtained from the Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, and the State Budget (APBN) reports. The independent variables consist of tax revenue, Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP), and grants, while the dependent variable is the realization of state expenditure. The analytical method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM), which includes stationarity testing, cointegration testing, long-run regression estimation, the construction of the Error Correction Term (ECT), short-run model estimation, and classical assumption tests. The results indicate that tax revenue has a positive and significant effect on the realization of state expenditure as the primary source of government financing. Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) also has a positive effect on the realization of state expenditure, although its contribution tends to fluctuate in line with economic conditions and commodity prices. Meanwhile, grants serve as an additional source of financing that supports government expenditure in specific priority sectors. Simultaneously, tax revenue, PNBP, and grants significantly influence the realization of state expenditure, indicating that optimizing these three sources of state revenue is essential to strengthening fiscal capacity, maintaining the sustainability of the state budget, and supporting sustainable national development.
Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak dan Hibah Terhadap Realisasi Belanja Negara Indonesia (Text)
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Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan